Upgrade Ubuntu 20.04 -> 22.04

Zuerst mal die wichtigsten Updates bei Ubuntu im Überblick:

• Apache 2.4.52
• BIND 9.18
• Corosync 3.16
• Django 3.2.12
• Firefox 99 (Firefox is now only provided in Ubuntu as a snap)
• GNOME has been updated to include new features and fixes from GNOME 41 and GNOME 42
• LibreOffice 7.3
• Linux kernel v5.15.0-25
• MySQL 8.0.28
• NetworkManager 1.36
• nftables is default as backend for the firewall
• Pacemaker 2.1.2
• Perl v5.34.0
• PHP 8.1.2
• PostgreSQL 14.2
• Python 3.10.4
• Ruby 3.0
• Samba 4.15.5
• ssh-rsa is now disabled by default in OpenSSH.
• Thunderbird 91

! ACHTUNG ! – Mache unbedingt VORHER ein Backup – ! ACHTUNG !

Im ersten Schritt die aktullen Updates für Ubuntu 20.04 installieren, dies geht mit folgendem Befehlen:

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

Anschliessend das System neu starten mit:

sudo reboot

Um das Update durchzuführen, tut man das mit folgendem Befehl:

sudo do-release-upgrade -d

Nun kommt folgende Meldung vom System:

Reading cache

Checking package manager

Continue running under SSH? 

This session appears to be running under ssh. It is not recommended 
to perform a upgrade over ssh currently because in case of failure it 
is harder to recover. 

If you continue, an additional ssh daemon will be started at port 
'1022'. 
Do you want to continue? 

Continue [yN] y

Type ‘y’ und dann kommt folgende Nachricht:

Starting additional sshd 

To make recovery in case of failure easier, an additional sshd will 
be started on port '1022'. If anything goes wrong with the running 
ssh you can still connect to the additional one. 
If you run a firewall, you may need to temporarily open this port. As 
this is potentially dangerous it's not done automatically. You can 
open the port with e.g.: 
'iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 1022 -j ACCEPT' 

To continue please press [ENTER]

Since we already opened port 1022, press the [Enter] key to continue. Then you need to confirm focal to jammy update entries:

Do you want to rewrite your 'sources.list' file anyway? If you choose 
'Yes' here it will update all 'focal' to 'jammy' entries. 
If you select 'No' the upgrade will cancel. 

Continue [yN] y

Do you want to start the upgrade? 

14 installed packages are no longer supported by Canonical. You can 
still get support from the community. 

5 packages are going to be removed. 90 new packages are going to be 
installed. 570 packages are going to be upgraded. 

You have to download a total of 546 M. This download will take about 
1 minute with a 40Mbit connection and about 14 minutes with a 5Mbit 
connection. 

Fetching and installing the upgrade can take several hours. Once the 
download has finished, the process cannot be canceled. 

 Continue [yN]  Details [d] y

It is highly recommended that the lock screen be disabled during the 
upgrade to prevent later issues. Please ensure your screen lock is 
disabled before continuing. 
 
To continue please press [ENTER]

Searching for obsolete software
Reading state information... Done
 
Remove obsolete packages? 
 
 
41 packages are going to be removed. 
 
 Continue [yN]  Details [d]

Nach erfolgreichem Upgrade kann man mit dem Befehl:

<code>uname -mrs</code>

die Kernel Version prüfen, die wie folgt aussehen könnte:

Linux 5.15.0-25-generic x86_64

Um die Releaseversion von Ubuntu zu verifizieren, kann dies mit folgendem Befehl geprüft werden:

lsb_release -a

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